Appendices

S. I. Churyumov, “The Smile of the Cheshire Cat, or the Possible and the Impossible in Socionics”

Appendix 1. Aušra’s letter to the author

6.6.86

Semyon, I received all your letters except that first one — thank you.

Your Department Head is, without any doubt, a Maxim. And with the same socialisation as yourself, at that. The one who resembles a Dumas is most likely an atypical Yesenin.

And the young fellow between them is a Robespierre.

As for the interpretations of the Super-Id, mine are very superficial and haphazard. One simply has to look at the elements that make up the Super-Id.

Yes, Don Quixote strives to improve his own mood, but in point of fact it is the other way round: it is Dumas who strives to improve his mood, because an emotionally unwound Don Quixote is on the one hand completely demobilised, and on the other angry — angry precisely because of a deficit of emotionality. And emotionality runs short when there is not enough variety of pleasant and unpleasant sensations; he himself strives only for pleasant ones, and as a result may become entirely demobilised. Dumas, however, tells him: get into the cold water, it will feel good afterwards. In short, Dumas supplies him with the unpleasant sensations that the organism needs in order to be active. Taken together this produces an emotional lift — in essence, a certain physical arousal. Because the SUPER-ID is, after all, somatics.

As for Hamlet, he knows perfectly well what he needs. But by no means what he does not need. It is precisely this knowledge of what is unnecessary, and this deliverance from superfluous objects, that Maxim takes care of. That in turn provides mobilisation and energy — that is, Hamlet’s black sensorics. Otherwise he is limp and demobilised.

It works roughly like this with the SUPER-ID of all types of IM.

I will give you the address of a certain Maxim from Kuibyshev. An engineer by training, also a teacher. An active lecturer for the “Knowledge” Society. He has been doing socionics for about three years, I believe. He began by giving lectures straight away. Our correspondence with him is very dry, and about his concrete successes — for example, in establishing personality types — I know little. But his experience may perhaps be of some use to you.

[signature]

The author’s letter to Aušra, with her corrections

(Reproduced in facsimile. Handwritten; the legible portions read as follows.)

11.9.86. Hello, Aušra!

Evidently the letter I sent in June (with the graphic test) never reached Vilnius. So from now on I will send all letters by registered post only.

In the summer I was far from Kiev — in Volgograd, Saratov, Astrakhan and Samarkand. Circumstances were quite tense and at times dramatic, so writing was difficult.

I returned to Kiev on the 29th, and I have now been ill for a second week (granulomatous arthritis); at present I am not up to it. Among other things I have conceived a typological test based on Model A.

Obviously a test of 64 questions, four for each block of the models of all types, is capable of giving a fourfold redundancy of reliability.

In order to compose such a description one must correctly interpret the combinations of symbols dividing each block. Here I am still having difficulties.

I use letter symbolism — it is simply easier for me to execute.

[list of symbol equivalences: Δ = И, ▲ = И, □ = Л, ▣ = Л, О = С, ◉ = С, Ε = Э, ▤ = Э]

That is all, so far as it is easier for me and does not…

…so, for “test A”, 16 questions are needed for it, 16 questions for the Super-Ego (se), 16 — for the Super-Id (si), and 16 — for the Id (i).

Here I have written out 16 Super-Ids and tried to formulate them in the form of questions:

It is necessary to strengthen the conditions which, as it were, would be necessary for a fuller… your reasoning; so far this has not worked out…

[a numbered list of sixteen block formulas follows, each of the form: Э(Ки) = (dynamics of object relations): ”…”, with Aušra’s marginal corrections written over several of them. The individual entries are only partly legible in the facsimile.]

This attempt to interpret Si may be called “Model A”. I would be grateful for feedback…

In the next letter I will try to…

On graphic tests.

Tests based on free graphic associations belong to the projective tests. They pick out well a number of character traits — for example aggressiveness, demandingness, self-centredness, activity, and so on. Both interpretability and predictability are very high, so one ought to filter out the TIM as well. I have begun this work, but there is still little material.

Earlier I used such tests mainly with the aim of revealing the character of artistic thinking; I administered them to artists and designers.

Now I have made several preliminary definitions, or rather refinements, of the test. I think this is quite realistic and compact.

It has become possible to model the completion of such a test by known types, and then to check it for diagnostics.

I see a certain danger in the calibration of such tests, and in a sense a vicious circle.

If someone would like to carry out such a test, let them send it — I would be very grateful.

A little haste, and later on the same people obtain a different result in the illumination of the personality.

[address] 252165 Kiev, Beletsky St. 4, apt. 8

13.9.86. Churyumov S. I.

Appendix 2. Description of the cover picture

The cover design uses a motif from John Tenniel’s illustration to Alice in Wonderland. That picture, and in particular the image of the Cheshire Cat, were agreed with Lewis Carroll himself. As applied to the cover of the present book, the picture may be understood as follows. In the foreground we see the questioner, represented by a conscientious schoolgirl open to the apprehension of truth. She may also be understood as a representative of the tonal — that is, of that part of reality which is more or less accessible to human understanding.

The Cat, perched on a tree branch, looks rather odd. But what else would you expect from the characters of Carroll’s tale? Recall the Mad Hatter, the Dormouse, the Rabbit, the Duchesses and the Queens, who are thoroughly not of this world. As for the Cheshire Cat, one should note also that in the original the word used for his smile is “grin”, not “smile” — and the first word carries the sense of a bared-teeth expression, a smirk; although, given the situation of the tale and the character of the Cheshire Cat, the translators were right to render it as “улыбка” (smile). Nevertheless the Russian-speaking reader catches the seme of the smirk of an agent who knows something his insufficiently informed interlocutor does not. There is no arrogance in this smirk. It is, rather, the equivalent of an understanding of complexities. The Cheshire Cat on the cover is a representative of the nagual — that is, of that part of our world which can be grasped by human reason only with difficulty, if at all. The image created by Tenniel corresponds well to the spirit of such representation. However, in the scene depicted on the cover there is also a third agent. This is the Light, the Light of Knowledge. This Light is at the same time an allusion to the presence of Aušra and her enlightening mission.

The cover of the first book, preserving the original fawn colour range of Tenniel’s drawing, corresponds to morning, when the conversation is only beginning. On the cover of the second book, where more complex and more paradoxical questions are discussed, a saturated green is used, which together with the Light breaking through the foliage creates the atmosphere of afternoon in the depths of the forest. For the cover of the third book, where predominantly general-theoretical and methodological problems are discussed, along with problems of interdisciplinary interaction, blue was chosen, which together with the Light symbolises late evening beside a campfire in the forest, when the conversation is drawing to its close.

The placement of the schoolgirl with her back to the reader also sets the position of the reader himself, who together with the schoolgirl is trying to penetrate the secrets of the new science. The Light is the true bearer of meaning, while the Cat is merely its keeper and guardian.

Appendix 3. Generalisation of the concept of a model of the psyche

At the foundation of socionics and of socionic models lies the methodological principle of intuitive dichotomisation, which is not recognised by empirical science, since it is considered speculative (read: intuitive) and is rejected by materialistically oriented ideologies as idealistic. This is done on an ideological basis and a priori. Once ideological prohibitions have been lifted there is no sense in preserving and adhering to this absurd a priori restriction. However, as is clear from general theoretical considerations, and as Schneiderman showed in his lectures at the Kiev House of Scientists, dichotomy is not the only principle for generating the polarities on which the systems existing in the world are based. Apparently three-pole, five-pole and similar structures are possible and are realised in our cosmos.

On the basis of results achieved by modern science — mathematics, physics, systems theory, logic, methodology, epistemology and others — the following general scientific postulates may be advanced:

Any object or system possesses energy levels inherent to it.
Any object or system can be described within a chosen paradigm by ascribing to it the number of energy levels characteristic of that paradigm.
Paradigms, or their subsets, rest on an empirically or theoretically identified number of energy levels.
Each energy level, by virtue of its external functioning, turns out to be linked with a definite informational aspect; the system of these aspects is generated by the object’s external functioning and is complementary to the system of energy levels.
The qualitative characteristics of an object or system are determined by the combinatorics of the pairings of informational aspects with the energy levels of the object’s or system’s functioning.
The relations between objects within a concrete paradigm are determined by the combinatorics of the connecting lines joining the various energy levels to the corresponding informational aspects.

In science and for practical purposes, wide use is made of the model of describing binary relations in the form of a “tournament table”, such as V. A. Lyashkyavichyus’s table, which vividly presents the relations between all the types. This model corresponds exactly to a rectangular system of Cartesian coordinates. Such a system, by its construction, is a configuration linking straight lines and points to one another. On the basis of the principle of duality it can be transformed into the configuration dual to it, likewise consisting of points and lines which, in a certain sense, have exchanged places: in it the mutually perpendicular coordinate axes will now correspond to parallel line-axes, by means of which not points but lines of the plane will be determined, and these lines will connect points on the axes obtained as a result of the duality transformation. This corresponds exactly to the configuration for establishing intertype relations in socionics, where parallel rows of points are joined to one another by straight lines.

The reasoning set out above makes it possible to conclude that models for establishing binary relations have a general mathematical foundation and are not restricted to any given number of inputs; and this makes it possible to generalise the dual model of binary relations on parallel lines to any number of inputs, for which one may take the energy levels of a system’s functioning and the informational aspects corresponding to them.

The socionic model “Yu” is built according to definite rules, which may be formulated as follows:

There is an ordered set of functions to which different energy states of the TIM correspond.
Four functions are linked with four informational aspects in such a way that different functions correspond to different aspects, and no aspect is repeated twice.
Aspects belonging to the rational and irrational axes are placed symmetrically with respect to the middle of the model.
If the first aspect is extraverted, then all the rest are introverted, and vice versa.

By varying the set of rules of this kind, and also by changing the number of functions and IAs, it is easy to obtain a large variety of informational-energetic models.

As examples of paradigms with differing numbers of energy levels and informational aspects one may cite Berne’s three-level model (PAC: Parent–Adult–Child); astrology, where the planets act as the energy levels of functioning and the signs of the Zodiac as the informational aspects; or spiritual teachings with various sets of energy centres — 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and so on.

In the astrological model there is only one corresponding rule. Any of the twelve functions, whose role in astrology is played by the planets, may be matched with any IA — here the signs of the Zodiac — in arbitrary order, so that any number of planets may be located in a single sign, while in some signs there may be no planets at all. In this case one may speak of a free combinatorics of functions and informational aspects. In the case of socionics, the corresponding combinatorics has a bound character.

Generalisation of the socionic model may proceed not only along the number of aspects and functions, but also along the peculiarities of the constraints imposed.

Appendix 4. An example of determining a person’s socionic type from their natal chart

It is common knowledge that official science does not recognise the reliability of astrological codes. There are many grounds for this, one of which is the widespread use of astrology by charlatans. However, if the astrological code of a personality does indeed contain important information about that personality, then it is entirely likely that with its help a person’s TIM may also be determined. A great deal of work in this direction has been done by the remarkable Moscow astrologer P. Maksimov.

The horoscope in question was drawn up within a week of the girl’s birth. On the basis of this horoscope an attempt was made to determine her TIM. In this case I used a very simple methodology: relying on the configurations of the planets, I described generalised parameters of the possible future behaviour of the adult person. Then, from the correspondence of these parameters to the generalised description of a TIM, the appropriate conclusion can be drawn. Any dogmatic assumptions of the sort “Sun in Leo — Napoleon” or “Sun in Cancer — Yesenin” are discarded at once as unfounded.

Sun in Gemini: the ability to enter into contact with people easily. Other things being equal, of course. The trine of the Sun to the Moon in Libra reinforces this ability, providing it with subconscious automatisms. Neptune in Aquarius in trine to the Sun and Moon provides inventiveness and freedom in emotional manifestations. Jupiter in Leo in sextile to the Sun and Moon sets favourable conditions for the self-assertion of the future personality. Besides, it may be understood as an additional indication of extraversion. The four factors already named make it possible to suppose extraversion and ethics. The supposition of ethics is strengthened by the fact that Mercury, responsible for logical thinking, is located in Taurus, which makes such a person’s logic earthbound and pragmatic. This conclusion is further reinforced by the fact that Mercury is here in conjunction with Venus in her own house. For Venus this is a strong position, and she subordinates Mercury — that is, logical thinking — to aesthetic choice, clearly pushing logic beyond the limits of the core of the personality. Mars in Aquarius provides impulsiveness and rapidity in decision-making, which makes it possible to suppose sensory irrationality. The White Moon (Selena) in Gemini in conjunction with Venus and the Ascending Node provides energetic support for the communicative abilities described earlier, which strengthens the hypothesis of a sensory irrational extraverted ethical type (Napoleon). Saturn in Cancer strengthens the hypothesis of a propensity for ethical manipulation. For advancing a hypothesis the data adduced are sufficient. Observations of the developing child over three years confirm the correctness of the hypothesis advanced.

Fig. P.01. The same girl at 3 months, 2 years and 3 years. Sensory-ethical extraversion. In photo 1, with personality obviously still absent, the automatism of the future manipulative smile characteristic of the SEE is already noticeable.

Appendix 5. The court deck in the PSTIM

The court deck was studied at length and fruitfully by the remarkable Ukrainian socionist S. Savchenko. He showed that a mutual correspondence can be established between the court cards of the Tarot and the TIMs. Here I merely wish to draw attention to the configuration of the court cards as applied to the periodic system of types of information metabolism (PSTIM), examined in detail in Chapter 15.

In accordance with the theorem on the strict ordering of the socion, the court cards arranged themselves so that the Knights fell into the first group, the Queens into the second, the Kings into the third and the Pages into the fourth. It turned out that the semantics of the court cards corresponds in a surprising way to the semantics of the typological personifications. Don Quixote is the Knight of Knights, or of Swords; Hamlet the Knight of Kings, or of Wands; London the Knight of Pages, or of Coins (Pentacles); and Huxley (Don Juan) the Knight of Queens. Dumas is the Queen of Queens, Gorky the Queen of Coins, Dreiser the Queen of Kings, and Gabin the Queen of Swords. Hugo is the King of Kings, Zhukov the King of Knights, Napoleon the King of Queens, Stierlitz the King of Coins. Robespierre is the Page of Coins, Yesenin the Page of Queens, Balzac the Page of Knights, and Dostoyevsky the Page of Kings. The correspondences obtained shed additional light on the semantics of the socionic types. Thanks are due to Sergey Savchenko for having drawn attention to this remarkable psychological achievement of those who tried to make sense of the intricacies of human character many hundreds of years ago, at the dawn of human civilisation. The presence of such semantic correspondences makes it possible to apply the corresponding psychological observations of the ancients to the modern description of the types.

The suits of the cards may be expressed either through their attributes (Wands, Swords, Cups, Coins) or through their ranks — Kings (Wands), Knights (Swords), Queens (Cups), Pages (Coins). If numbers are assigned to the suits by seniority (K=4, Kn=3, Q=2, P=1), then the socionic square turns out to be perfect with respect to the arrangement of suits, since in it not only the sums of the columns and rows are equal, but the sums of all the diagonal directions are equal to the same value (10). It remains unclear, however, what follows from this.

An interesting semantic correspondence is that the Knights are dual to the Queens of their quadra, and the Kings to the Pages. The sums corresponding to the suits of duals are constant and equal to 5. The Knights, expressing the spirit of the quadra to the maximum degree, turn out to be at the head of their quadra, while the Kings are surrounded by their retinue.

Table P.01. TIMs and court cards in the PSTIM

Periods	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Sum of suits
α	Q.Kh. (Don Quixote), Kn·Kn	Du (Dumas), Q·Q	Hu (Hugo), K·K	Ro (Robespierre), P·P	10
β	Ha (Hamlet), Kn·K	Go (Gorky), Q·P	Zh (Zhukov), K·Kn	Ye (Yesenin), P·Q	10
γ	Lo (London), Kn·P	Dr (Dreiser), Q·K	Na (Napoleon), K·Q	Ba (Balzac), P·Kn	10
δ	Hx (Huxley), Kn·Q	Ga (Gabin), Q·Kn	St (Stierlitz), K·P	Do (Dostoyevsky), P·K	10
Sum of suits	10	10	10	10

Appendix 6. Varieties of tests that could be used as auxiliaries in typing

Let us note that at present, until a full-fledged socionic test has been created, a whole battery of tests, methods and approaches may be used in the diagnostics of TIM.

Ability tests. Some tests originally created for the investigation of intellectual functions, knowledge and abilities correlate highly with personality factors — for example indices of speech fluency and motor rigidity, which correlate highly with factor U.I. (G) 23 (neurotic regression — mobilisation of energy).
Tests of skills and proficiencies. This group includes tests of visual-motor coordination, coordination of hand movements, precision, maze-running and the like.
Perception tests. This group covers a wide range of tests: from visual perception (completion of unfinished images) to olfactory perception (preference for odours).
Questionnaires. This is a group of tests constructed in the form of a survey about behaviour, tastes, habits and so on — for example questionnaires about state of health, observance of hygienic requirements, and so forth.
Opinions. To this group belong tests eliciting the subject’s attitudes towards other people, norms of behaviour and morality, political views, and so on.
Aesthetic tests. This is a group of tests on preferences for musical works, paintings, drawings, poets, artists and the like.
Projective tests, or more strictly, tests of errors of perception. Here belong all kinds of formalised projective personality tests.
Situational tests. These presuppose the creation of a definite social situation. For example, one and the same task is performed alone and in front of the whole class, for individual credit and for team credit, in a situation of competition or of cooperation, and so on.
Games. In game situations the individual peculiarities of the subject’s personality show themselves well. For this reason many games have been included among the objective tests.
Physiological tests. To these belong tests in which physiological indices are recorded: GSR, ECG, EEG, tremor and the like.
Physical tests. These are not always easy to distinguish from the physiological. Chest measurement, specific body weight, muscle turgor, the thickness of the fat fold and other indices should be assigned to the physical tests.
Incidental observations. These may be, for example, the number of indeterminate answers, the number of marks on the test form, neatness of handwriting, fidgeting, restlessness during the examination and other manifestations of the respondent.
Menu-tests in a computer version: a choice is made from a proposed set, and the quality of the choice is correlated with the type.
Ordering tests: these allow a person to reject nothing, but merely to distribute items by rank. After all, a person has everything in them.
Paired-comparison tests. Pairs of concepts, objects or situations are proposed. In each pair a ranking choice must be made. Diagnosis is carried out on the basis of the totality of all the paired choices.
Unfinished-sentence test. After the beginning of a phrase, a menu of choices may be offered.

I would like to try myself in the field of…
I like to read books on the subject of…
In my free time I…
My style of dress I would describe as…
and so on.

A pictorial thematic socionic test. By analogy with the well-known Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), this may consist of a set of pictures presenting socionically significant situations.
The “dancing men” test, where instead of concepts one must choose between two schematic human figures representing aspectually significant postures and gestures.
Concrete everyday and professional knowledge, skills, habits and abilities which directly form the concrete actions aimed at achieving a practical result.
Abstract fractal tests (proposed by N. Prilepskaya). Presumably the TIM should be sensitive to the choice of typologically valid fractal structures. Deep investigations are required here.
A test of colour-rhythmic structures (proposed by Ya. Bondarenko). Ya. Bondarenko, a talented psychologist from Donetsk, advanced the hypothesis that at every moment in time conditions arise in the world, in accordance with the changing vibrational background, for the formation of structures corresponding to the character of the cosmic vibrations. He holds that a child’s TIM is formed in the mother’s womb under the influence of the corresponding cosmic vibrations, and that the adult bearer of the TIM will be sensitive to the corresponding colour and form.

Appendix 7. A database of differentiating statements

Many years of testing experience — both my own and my observation of how other socionists do it — allow me to advance the supposition that the use of the questionnaires currently available serves to a considerable degree as a background and a cover for direct observation of the appearance and behaviour of the person being tested. Moreover, the expert often does not fully account for this to himself, believing consciously or subconsciously that he draws at least the basic information about the respondent’s TIM precisely from the answers to the questions put to him.

In his famous book Accentuated Personalities, K. Leonhard says that firm rules on the basis of which a psychological type could be diagnosed unfortunately do not exist. And the celebrated psychologist continues: this is bound up with the fact that, when questions are put to a subject, one has to establish individually each time how the subject understands the question, since without that his answer cannot be correctly interpreted. And since socionic testing makes no provision for a procedure verifying the respondent’s understanding of the question, his answer too takes on a probabilistic and hypothetical character.

Leonhard concludes that a subject’s theoretical assertions can serve only for general orientation; proof of traits of character must come from concrete descriptions of situations in which the peculiarities of behaviour manifest themselves. He wishes to stress that this is almost the decisive point in the methodology of personality analysis [7].

Now, after the discovery of socionics, it can be said that we have come considerably closer to the formulation of firm rules on the basis of which a socionic type might be diagnosed; and we hope that psychology will make use of socionics’ findings for the solution of its own theoretical and practical tasks.

In this appendix, within the framework of the problem of socionic diagnostics, I have collected several “test” sentences — blanks of a sort — and if interested parties are found, I am ready to continue the further joint elaboration of the corresponding test forms.

A fragment of a database for a direct verbal test

A set of statements presumptively valid with respect to the dichotomies, functions, blocks and TIMs.

This is a test in the same vein as the work of A. Filimonov, the Lytovs and many other socionists. In the end the efforts of these scholars might well be combined. I am ready to make my modest contribution to this work. Naturally any corrective scales may be included in such a test to the good of the enterprise. Such tests are usually built either on the dichotomous principle — a choice between two strictly polar statements — or on the evaluative principle: an assessment of the degree to which a statement corresponds to your idea of yourself. There exists, however, the possibility of combining both approaches, when the choice is made from an opposition which is not necessarily polar-dichotomous. That is, the poles of the pairs are not necessarily opposite; moreover, their semantics may be unharmonised — but behind the apparent meaninglessness of the choice in such a case there stands a perfectly definite sense: movement in the direction of typological determinacy.

In such an opposition, statements may be juxtaposed which are not only non-polar but even identical in sense, which makes it possible to assess fine stylistic nuances of choice. At the same time one and the same concepts and statements could be used repeatedly in various combinations. For example: Absolute. Ne — Comfortable. Si; Absolute. Ne — Playful. Si; Absolute. Ne — Correct. Ti; Correct. Ti — Advantageous. Te; Correct. Ti — Beautiful. Si; Correct. Ti — Strong. Se; and so on.

Note on notation. The source tags each pole with a Russian letter denoting the information aspect (IA): И/и = intuition, Л/л = logic, С/с = sensorics, Э/э = ethics, with the capital marking the extraverted aspect and the lower case the introverted. These are rendered below in the international notation: Ne / Ni / Te / Ti / Se / Si / Fe / Fi. Items where the source carries no tag are left untagged here. The numbering is the author’s own; items 258 and 288 are absent from the original, and one statement (192) is printed without a second pole.

To enjoy maximum comfort. Si – To train one’s body and will by subjecting oneself to loads and hardships, even extreme ones. Se
Excitement, gambling spirit. Te – Caution. Ti
Strategic planning. Ni – The luck and cunning of a gambler. Te
To catch new and promising tendencies which may demand considerable effort. Ne – To consolidate a success that has begun to take shape. Te
To use an opportunity that has turned up. Ni – To work stubbornly towards the goal that has been set. Te
To respond to a situation on the first inner impulse. Si – Not to give way to provocations. Te
To keep self-possession and calm in the most tense of circumstances. Te – To let no one off lightly. Se
I want to know exactly the causes and mechanisms of an action. Te – It is enough for me to obtain the necessary result reliably; how it happens I need not know. Si
Reflection. Ne – A flow of emotion. Fe
Step by step, gradually but relentlessly, to strive towards the goal. Te – To try ever new possibilities. Ne
I more often act quickly. Se – I more often act cautiously. Ti
The end justifies the means. Se – Nobility above all. Fi
Everything is permitted for the sake of victory. Se – There are things one must not step over. Fi
I shall not rest until I have finished what I began. Se – There is a time for work and a time for amusement. Si
Altruism. Fi – Individualism. Te
Fearlessness. Se – Endurance. Te
Collectivism. Fe – Friendship is friendship, but money is kept apart. Te
Let the idea ripen, however much time it takes. Ne – The better is the enemy of the good. Si
To do it and then admire the result. Si – Onward, onward; we’ll relax later. Ne
What have general ideas to do with it, when circumstances demand an immediate answer? Si – To work responsibly, systematically and accurately. Present deadlines and circumstances will pass, but the result will remain for ever. Ti
We’ll put the polish on later; the main thing now is to lay the foundation. Ne – To perform every step with the utmost perfection. Ti
One must remain a decent person to the very end. Fi – There is no need to stand on ceremony with those who do not stand on ceremony with you. Fi
I do not trade in my honour. Se – I am not a proud man; if circumstances demand it, I can bend. Ti
Take care of your clothes while they are new, and of your honour from your youth. Fi – If you want to get on in life, learn to hustle. Te
To seek the best solution until the very last moment. Ni – A spoon is worth most at dinner time. Si
You won’t even land a fish from a pond without effort. Te – Where you were born is where you’re of use. Ni
Every cricket should know its own perch. Ti – Water doesn’t run under a stone that lies still. Ni
They say Caesar could do several things at once. I manage that too. Ne – To work without scattering oneself. Only complete concentration on the work or task in hand gives full satisfaction. Te
I don’t like toeing the line. Ni – Movements should be precise, honed, functional. Te
Elegance. Si – Precision. Ti
Cognition. Ne – Consumption. Si
Grace. Si – Expediency. Ne
To strive and to seek. Ne – To find and not to yield. Te
I have no problem taking responsibility for my own actions. Te – I am always ready to follow a strong and dependable person. Ni
I am a leader by nature. Te – “Don’t stick your neck out” is a reliable rule. Ti
For me the hearth means more than participation in public life. Fe – I shall make a career and secure a decent life for those close to me. Ti
I like solving new and complex problems. Ne – I know how to bring any useful scheme up to working order. Te
To maintain a technological regime with the utmost precision. – I know how to present my firm in contacts with influential people.
I am a connoisseur of abstractions. Ne – I am a connoisseur of wine. Si In wine everything matters — colour, clarity, aroma, and the finest bouquet of flavour.
If I had the chance I would rather learn to play chess, with its infinite intellectual richness. Ne – If I had the chance I would rather learn to play football, with its forceful drive, its vivid passions, the play of physical strength in the muscles, and the need to dribble past an opponent, outwit him, beat him not only through strength and stamina but through team strategy and personal superiority at the decisive moment. Se
Modesty. – Wit.
Kindness. – Courage.
Honesty. – Inventiveness.
Quick. – Gentle.
Understanding. – Sympathy.
A risk promising great advantages. – A sufficient minimum.
I have a taste for theory, when everything falls into a single scheme, not one fact is left unattended, and on that basis one can answer any question an opponent puts. Ti – Aesthetic taste above all, when form, colour, line and mass harmonise so completely that one cannot look away. Si
I am for a global approach to problems. Ne – I am a practical person, and if one can stop at a good result already achieved then of course that is what one should do. Te
We want it today, we want it now. Si – So long as there’s no war. Fi
We are simple folk; just pay us well. Te – I can disregard temporary discomforts so long as the goal I am working for comes closer. Ni
I shall readily stand under any banner, provided a decent existence is assured me. Te – Let me live in poverty and contempt, but I shall never sacrifice my principles. Ne
To luxuriate in a soft bed. Si – To scramble up a mountain. Te
A little is not enough for me. Ni – The day is over, thank God. Si
All or nothing. – I cannot stand presumptuous people.
Serenity. Si – Dramatic intrigue. Fe
Freedom from obligations. Ni – The chance to be with those close to you. Fi
Ease of existence. – Through thorns to the stars.
A chance stroke of luck. – Precise calculation.
I am like everyone else. – I am not like everyone else.
To adapt to a changing world. – To adapt the world to one’s idea of it.
If the enemy does not surrender, he is destroyed. – Do not kill your enemies to the last man.
If you can forgive, forgive. – If you can refrain from forgiving, do not forgive.
Mercy. – Exactingness.
Discipline. – An individual approach.
Sounds, colours, smells. – Ideas, concepts, meanings.
Not one small thing escapes my attention — a word, a facial expression, a gesture, the look in the eyes, a detail of dress. – For me a logical argument is filled with a meaning extending far beyond its concrete content.
Many have seen how I can react to a situation instantly. – Many consider me a reserved and even secretive person.
You can’t drink all the wine, vodka and beer in the world, but one must strive to. – I understand people capable of leading an ascetic life.
You tell your wife you’re off to your mistress, tell your mistress you’re off to your wife, and meanwhile you work, work, work. – Work isn’t a wolf; it won’t run off into the forest.
If you knew everything in advance, life would be uninteresting. – I have a good feel for future events and know how to make use of it.
I shape the circumstances of my own life. – I not only listen to my partner’s opinion, I try to act in accordance with it.
I always try to keep my word. – A good diplomat will always find a way of wriggling out of the most difficult position.
I never lie. – I am considered a good storyteller, and if the design of the story calls for it I can embellish it.
I always arrive on time. – One can always be two or three minutes late.
I am no fanatic for plans and timetables. – Once a decision has been taken, I do not go back on it.
A deadline is law to me. – Quality matters more than a deadline.
Within small limits quality can be sacrificed. – One can move forward only by working each successive step out in full.
I dislike being bound by deadlines. – It gives me deep satisfaction to work strictly to a schedule. I expect the same of my partners.
I live, as it were, above time and space. – I am dissolved with every fibre of my soul in the present.
I could have lived in any era. – One doesn’t choose one’s times; one lives and dies in them.
However hard things may be for me, I would never exchange my fate for that of any successful person whatever. – For the happiness of those close to me I am prepared to go so far as crime.
Under no circumstances will I take bribes. – I am far from any categorical attitudes whatever about conduct in life.
It would cost me nothing to destroy my enemy physically if he left me no choice. – If you are struck on the right cheek, turn the left.
The past is already past, the future has not yet come. The present is the arena of all my interests. – With my inner eye I always hold the panorama of past, present and future. Only so can the integrity of one’s picture of the world be preserved.
“No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten” — fine words with no real obligations behind them. – He who does not remember his history is no citizen but a smug and stupid philistine.
The piercing demands of the present knock at my heart. – I easily win people’s confidence.
There is no such thing as somebody else’s grief. – Everyone gets what they deserve.
A piercing sense of the present — how well I feel the meaning of that phrase. – Every person has his own truth.
I am a man of duty. – Nobody owes anybody anything.
Come on, everyone, let’s live in friendship. – I can’t stand sentimental milksops.
Wealth is quite enough for happiness. – Not everything is for sale.
I fear nothing. – I am a cautious rather than a reckless person.
There are cases when it is better to withdraw. – Russians have got through everywhere; we’ll get through here too.
We must not allow the slogans of democracy to be replaced by slovenliness and mismanagement. – Many people have no idea how far their behaviour is predetermined.
I choose the high technology characteristic of the West. – I choose the high spirituality characteristic of the East.
The task of psychology is to learn to understand people. – The task of psychology is to teach people to understand one another.
The intellect must be honed in discussions and scientific research. – Feeling requires constant nourishment, and emotional relations with those around one are a good source of it.
Satisfy a person’s material needs and he will follow you. – Satisfy a person’s spiritual needs and he will follow you.
Reason. – Ecstasy.
Man is the sum of all social relations. – Man is himself the maker of his own fate.
The world is ruled by love and hatred. – The world is ruled by economic interest.
Good and evil — these are the two poles between which a person’s life unfolds. – In reality a person chooses nothing and always remains a slave of circumstance.
It doesn’t matter to me what nationality a person is for me to keep friendly relations with him, so long as he has a conscience. – We are we and they are they, and however good they may seem, they are no more than well-camouflaged enemies.
My enthusiasm depends on inspiration. – My enthusiasm depends on the pay.
I am an excitable person, and if I get worked up I can move mountains. – I am distrustful of those who try to work me up.
I control my feelings completely. – I don’t understand how anyone can be enthusiastic about philosophy.
I never relinquish emotional control entirely. – I know how to give myself up to my feelings.
For me the highest value is an emotional spree. – For me the highest value is grasping the laws of nature.
New ideas are the most important source of my inspiration. – I am inspired only by the prospect of material wellbeing.
For the sake of adrenaline in the blood I am prepared to take extreme risks. – I don’t understand people who go parachuting “just because”.
My imagination and fantasy are capable of replacing real contact with people for me by almost 90%. – I am a person of action. Only by taking direct part in carrying out a real operation, action or task do I feel the fullness of life.
How I understand Sherlock Holmes with his deductive method. – How I understand Karlsson and Winnie-the-Pooh with their capacity to take pleasure in tasty things.
Will is the ability to withstand others. – Will is the ability to govern oneself.
Will is the ability to take a decision and see it through. – Will is the ability to rid oneself of one’s own shortcomings.
Will. – Flexibility.
I could run an organisation of any size, up to and including a state. – Waking in the morning, I thank God that I don’t have to run a “Roman empire” — that is, anything at all — still less bustle about in politics.
I know how to set up the governing of a state. – I see through ambitious politicians.
A politician must act quickly and decisively. – A politician must act cunningly and cautiously.
A politician cannot baulk at the necessity of promising something and then not delivering. – A politician must adhere strictly to his election promises.
Politics is a way of satisfying one’s ambitions. – People go into politics as careerists, seeking through deception and the manipulation of public opinion to secure or protect their own wellbeing.
Will is the capacity to achieve victory at any price. – Will is the lot of strong people; for me charm and the ability to win confidence are enough.
I understand the sufferings of the princess and the pea. – I understand people who fear no difficulties and are capable of enduring any hardship for the sake of the task set.
My motto: “Choose a direction and strike at a single point.” – My motto: “Look for the lucky chance.”
My motto: “Take everything life has to offer.” – My motto: “Strive for the unattainable.”
Patience and labour grind everything down. – Work seeks out fools.
I would manage the work of a goods expert, because I have a good feel for the quality and properties of any materials. – I like the work of a librarian, because I have a good feel for the reader’s needs and know my way about the contents of books.
I find it strange that there are people incapable of judging the quality of a fabric by touch. – I find it strange that there are people incapable of grasping the sense of a mathematical formula by ear.
I enjoy listening to my partner without interrupting. – I cannot bear objections, especially when they come from someone of lower social standing.
If I were elected president I would put an end to crime within three days. – How wonderful it is to walk alone through an autumn forest.
I like and know how to gather mushrooms. – I like and know how to gather berries.
I have no problem working on an assembly line. – Anywhere but on an assembly line.
I find it interesting to dress in men’s (women’s) clothes. – I do not find it interesting to dress in men’s (women’s) clothes.
My thinking works like a well-tuned mechanism, which gives me great satisfaction. – Experiences of every shade — that is the food of my soul.
Everything that happens to us happens according to the objective laws of nature. – Everything that happens to us depends on our subjective evaluation.
To know the laws of nature — that is humanity’s task. – Humanity’s task is to find the keys to happiness.
Happiness. – Truth.
Technology decides everything. – Cadres decide everything.
I find my bearings easily in unfamiliar terrain. – I find monotonous work no trouble.
Logical analysis. – Aesthetic experience.
The pleasure I get from music and painting makes up an essential part of my need for beauty. – When I am doing business, I fully satisfy my emotional needs.
The wellbeing of humanity rests entirely on the production of consumer goods. – Humanity would long ago have destroyed itself had it not been restrained by cultural and spiritual values.
Beauty will save the world. – One must seek a scientific solution to humanity’s problems.
Beauty and beautiful things are as necessary to me as air. – I can feel myself only in an atmosphere of scientific enquiry.
A ballerina’s grace, her elegant movement, produces in me an unusual emotional surge. – The precise and powerful play of footballers throws me into frenzied delight.
My tolerance for solitude is high. – I find it hard to do without contact with people.
I am characterised by a feeling of bright sadness and pensiveness. – I am characterised by a feeling of wonder, of the delight of discovery.
I am characterised by the feeling of a hunch, of a solution being near. – I am characterised by a feeling of what is one’s own, dear and close.
I am characterised by a striving to understand something, to penetrate to the essence of phenomena. – I am characterised by a feeling of sympathy and liking.
I am characterised by a wish to bring others joy and happiness. – I am characterised by a feeling of clarity and independence of thought.
I am characterised by anxiety for the fate of those close to me and concern for them. – I am characterised by absorption, immersion in work.
I am characterised by a feeling of tenderness or being touched. – I am characterised by a striving for perfection.
I am characterised by a feeling of fellow-feeling, of pity. – I am characterised by admiration of the results of my labour, of its products.
I am characterised by a feeling of volitional tension. – I am characterised by a feeling of devotion.
I am characterised by a feeling of wounded pride, a wish to take revenge. – I am characterised by an intense feeling of searching for the meaning of life.
I am characterised by a feeling of inner softness, of being moved. – I am characterised by a pleasant tickling of vanity.
I am characterised by a thirst for physical pleasures. – I am characterised by an irrepressible wish to overcome a contradiction in my own reasoning, to bring everything into a system.
I am characterised by a feeling of carefreeness, of serenity. – I am characterised by the joy of discovering truth.
I am characterised by a feeling of sporting excitement. – I am characterised by a feeling of respect for someone.
I am characterised by a feeling of pride. – I am characterised by a feeling of the special significance of what is happening.
I am characterised by sharing in the good fortune and joy of others. – I am characterised by satisfaction that the job is done, that the day has passed normally.
I am characterised by a feeling of superiority. – I am characterised by an intoxication with danger and risk.
I am characterised by a feeling of gaiety. – I am characterised by a thirst for keen sensations.
I am characterised by satisfaction at having, as it were, grown in my own eyes, raised the value of my personality. – I am characterised by delight in luxury.
I am characterised by a feeling of strong volitional and emotional tension, an utmost mobilisation of my abilities. – I am characterised by a striving to win recognition and honour.
I am characterised by enjoyment of the pleasant, by euphoric sensations (from the taste of food, …). – I feel a deep satisfaction in counting my money or reckoning up my wealth.
I am characterised by resolve. – I am characterised by pleasant tiredness.
I am characterised by a feeling of sinister mystery. – I am characterised by a pleasant tickling of vanity.
I am characterised by a feeling of stirring drama, a sweet pain. – I am characterised by a wish to achieve success in my work.
I am characterised by a striving to acquire, accumulate and collect something repeatedly. – I am characterised by a sporting fury.
I am characterised by a thirst for beauty. – I am characterised by a wish to communicate, to share thoughts and feelings and find a response to them.
I am characterised by a feeling for the elegant and graceful. – I am characterised by a wish to earn the approval of people close to me and respected by me.
I am characterised by a feeling of the majestic or sublime. – I am characterised by a wish to be better than a real or possible rival.
I am characterised by delight in beauty. – I am characterised by a desire for company.
I am characterised by a feeling of appreciation and gratitude. – I am characterised by joy at the growth of my collection, my accumulations.
I am characterised by a pleasant feeling on surveying my collections and accumulations. – I am characterised by a feeling of sinister mystery.
I am characterised by a striving towards the unusual and unexplored. – I am characterised by a sweet indolence.
I am characterised by the alluring feeling of distance. – I am characterised by a sharp feeling of envy that you are not what others turn out to be.
I am characterised by a wish to follow the example of someone who has achieved a result you consider valuable for yourself. – I am characterised by the keen emotions of a fan supporting his team.
Everything often seems to me other, extraordinary, full of significance and mystery. – I am characterised by active bodily reactions — tensed muscles, held breath, heightened concentration, emotional exclamations — when watching the movements of athletes.
I am characterised by a pleasant thoughtless excitement. – I am characterised by the expectation of something extraordinary and very good, a bright miracle.
I sense at once one person’s attitude to another, including to me. – I do not consider myself a specialist in the sphere of human relations.
I like watching a technological process. – I respect working people, but aesthetic experience is closer to me.
I like films in which action predominates and conversation is auxiliary. – I cannot stand it when they show horror flicks, shoot-em-ups and chases. I am interested in films in which subtle lyrical relations predominate.
Anything not directed at achieving a rational goal I consider foolishness. – Without wayward acts life would be grey and uninteresting.
If something doesn’t come off, I try to analyse all my actions and the situation and find the cause. – I cannot bear self-scrutiny.
If the right conclusions have been drawn from what happened, there’s a chance of not stepping on the same rake twice. – Over-complicated logical reasoning is not for me.
I endure philosophical discussions only out of politeness. – I even find it strange that there are people who prefer football to philosophy.
I know there are people who have no use for philosophy, but I would consider my life meaningless if I were incapable of assessing it from a philosophical point of view. – I have met people who like to hold forth on philosophical topics, but I would rather clean my shoes.
I see no need to hide my feelings; after all, there is nothing more natural than the fullness of emotional experience. – Emotional people interest me, one is never bored with them, but the world of strict logical order is closer to me.
I understand what it means to bathe in emotions and navigate the emotional flow skilfully. – I cannot stand negative emotions.
I calmly withstand what others call a “storm of passions”, and God forbid anyone should wake that beast in me. – If people push me too far, I shall find a way of taking revenge.
If strength is not on my side I shall be able to endure humiliation, but one day my offender will pay for it. [The source prints no second pole for this item.]
I am a peaceable person and never “start” first. – Let anyone just try coming at me and he’ll go flying heels over head.
I have no problem answering aggression with aggression. – I try by any means to avoid contact with aggressive people.
Sometimes at night I weep from the hurt and humiliation caused me by coarse people. – If a pig has to be slaughtered, I am always ready to help others or do it myself.
I don’t like telling other people about my emotional experiences. – When things weigh on my soul, I find it no trouble to tell someone about it and so lighten it.
My inner world is a splendid refuge from life’s adversities. – I readily accept any challenge life offers.
If I think up or learn something interesting about the laws of nature, I shall always find a way of sharing it with others. – [no second pole in the source]
If I think up something that might ease humanity’s lot, I readily present it in the form of a well-grounded text, sometimes even with illustrations. – If I learn of something happening in the world, in any area of human life, I always know how to use it to make an impression on people.
I find it easy and pleasant to speak before any audience. – I should like to learn to speak in front of people without feeling any embarrassment.
I often feel a pre-start jitteriness before having to make an important public appearance. – I am always ready for immediate decisive action.
Sentimental scenes in books or films move me to tears. – No one has yet managed to squeeze a tear out of me.
I have felt embarrassment in situations of being in love. – In love? Ha-ha. It’s others who fall in love with me.
I have hardly met anyone able to avoid logical errors even in stating an elementary idea. – I readily forgive people any logical errors, because it makes no difference to me — what matters is that the person is a good one.
I have formed the impression that all people without exception are in the wrong line of work. – Every person occupies the place in life that fate has determined for him.
Everything I do depends on me alone. – I never go against the grain of life.
I have a good sense of when someone wants to subordinate me. – I submit readily, and it costs me no effort.
I hold to the idea of situational leadership: whoever knows the material best is the leader. – No one dares contradict me.
If I have decided to drive someone off the face of the earth, I shall achieve it. – If a person is disagreeable to me, I shall simply try never to meet him.
If I have decided to punish someone, I shall not let it rest. – Sometimes people offend me, but I think it is a matter of my heightened sensitivity.
I know well what a presentiment is. – In my conduct I rely on exact knowledge and logical calculation.
I like being given flowers. – I don’t like being given flowers.
The main thing in life is power, and I know how to use it. – The main thing in life is a humane attitude to people.
The main thing in life is knowing the laws of nature. – The main thing in life is preserving established traditions.
The main thing in life is filling the lives of those close to you with energy. – The main thing in life is that no one should stop you getting on with your work.
The main thing in life is to command the centre of people’s attention. – The main thing in life is to gather all the necessary scientific information in order to create useful devices.
The main thing in life is to bring one’s mastery to the highest perfection. – The main thing in life is to implant in people’s minds such views as they can rely on in any situation.
The main thing in life is to implant in people’s minds such views that they will follow you to the ends of the earth. – The main thing in life is to provide oneself and those close to one with everything necessary.
The main thing in life is to have a good grasp of how society is arranged. – The main thing in life is to know how to make the necessary impression on the person you need.
The main thing in life is to find one’s place in the social hierarchy. – The main thing in life is to be cheerful and quick-witted.
The main thing in life is to make a career. – The main thing in life is to feel among people like a fish in water.
The main thing in life is to rule people with an iron hand. – The main thing in life is to put your whole soul into those close to you.
The main thing in life is to control large flows of money. – The main thing in life is to live freely among people.
The main thing in life is to amass enough wealth to deny yourself nothing. – The main thing in life is to be loved.
The main thing in life is to be healthy. – The main thing in life is enterprise.
The main thing in life is to bring people good. – The main thing in life is that your rivals should tremble at the mere sound of your name.
The main thing in life is to teach people sense. – The main thing in life is to inspire people to great deeds.
The main thing in life is to keep people’s emotional tone high. – The main thing in life is to be left in peace.
The main thing in life is that no one should get under your feet. – The main thing in life is to be needed by others.
The main thing in life is to be in the right place at the right time. – The main thing in life is creativity.
The main thing in life is to foresee everything in advance. – The main thing in life is to have good connections.
The main thing in life is to be one step ahead of your rival. – The main thing in life is to have the chance to work in peace.
The main thing in life is simply to live and enjoy every moment of it. – The main thing in life is creative work.
The main thing in life is to keep faith with the highest ideals. – The main thing in life is not to miss the moment.
If someone helped me with organising my domestic life, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me defend my human dignity, I would do all the rest myself.
If someone helped me organise my time, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me obtain a good post, I would do all the rest myself.
If someone helped me find the meaning of life, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me understand myself, I would do all the rest myself.
If someone helped me to have up-to-date information, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me with protection, I would do all the rest myself.
If someone helped me with material provision, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me get an education, I would do all the rest myself.
If someone helped me organise my leisure, I would do all the rest myself. – If someone helped me with a workplace, I would do all the rest myself.
I consider it inadmissible when disrespect for the human person is shown aggressively. – I consider it inadmissible when disrespect for the human person is shown through a display of intellectual superiority.
I would easily achieve success if I knew how to come to terms with people. – I would easily achieve success if I had money.
I would easily achieve success if I got a good job. – I would easily achieve success if I had more free time.
I would easily achieve success if I had good connections. – I would easily achieve success if I had my own laboratory.
I would easily achieve success if I could play a musical instrument. – I would easily achieve success if I had more patience.
I would easily achieve success if I knew what to take up. – I would easily achieve success if I were left in peace.
I would easily achieve success if I were the boss. – I would easily achieve success if I had a good library.
I would easily achieve success if I knew foreign languages. – I would easily achieve success if I were physically strong.
I would easily achieve success if I knew how to get on with my superiors. – I would easily achieve success if I were not so shy.
The ideal partner for me is one who can do all the dirty work. – The ideal partner for me is one who can organise people.
The ideal partner for me is one who can come to terms with people. – The ideal partner for me is one who doesn’t get under my feet.
The ideal partner for me is one who can support and inspire at the right moment. – The ideal partner for me is one who can organise people.
The ideal partner for me is one who has plenty of ideas. – The ideal partner for me is one who can provide force cover.
The ideal partner for me is one who doesn’t let you slacken. – The ideal partner for me is one you can have a good rest with.
The ideal partner for me is one who has plenty of useful connections. – The ideal partner for me is one it is pleasant to be in the same room with.
The ideal partner for me is one who can give sound advice at the right moment. – The ideal partner for me is one who will never betray you.
The ideal partner for me is one who can do all the dirty work. – The ideal partner for me is one who can organise people.
The ideal partner for me is one who never argues with me. – The ideal partner for me is one who can protect.
I like entertaining people, but it isn’t for me. – I like charitable work, but it isn’t for me.
I like being an intermediary, but it isn’t for me. – I like people who know how to “be on hand”, but it isn’t for me.
I like priests and monks, but it isn’t for me. – I like the work of a businessman, but it isn’t for me.
I would not want to be a soldier. – I would not want to be a doctor.
I would not want to be an actor. – I would not want to be a scientist.
I would not want to be a politician. – I would not want to be a businessman.
I would not want to be an engineer. – I would not want to be a teacher.
I would not want to be an economist. – I would not want to be a historian.
I would not want to be a judge. – I would not want to be a builder.
I would not want to be a lawyer. – I would not want to be an athlete.
I would not want to be a sailor. – I would not want to be a journalist.
I would not want to be in special forces. – I would not want to be a policeman.
If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Just don’t stay silent.” – If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Just don’t interrupt me.”
If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “If you can’t help, don’t hinder.” – If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Ask the right questions.”
If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Mind your own business.” – If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “I need everything you’ve got.”
If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Your presence alone is enough for me.” – If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “I shall be content if you feel yourself an entirely free person, but do not think on that account that I am trying to be rid of you.”
If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Suggest, but don’t impose.” – If I could set my partner a condition, I would say to him: “Any suggestion of yours suits me.”
I should like to be a soldier. – I should like to be a doctor.
I should like to be an actor. – I should like to be a scientist.
I should like to be a politician. – I should like to be a businessman.
I should like to be an engineer. – I should like to be a teacher.
I should like to be an economist. – I should like to be a historian.
I should like to be a judge. – I should like to be a builder.
I should like to be a lawyer. – I should like to be an athlete.
I should like to be a sailor. – I should like to be a journalist.
I should like to be a cook. – I should like to be a policeman.
I should like to be a pilot. – I should like to be a businessman.
I should like to be a nursery teacher. – I should like to be a plant breeder.
I should like to be a philosopher. – I should like to be an administrator.
I should like to be a mathematician. – I should like to be an actor.
I should like to be a botanist. – I should like to be a historian.
I should like to be a vet. – I should like to be a translator.
I should like to be a forester. – I should like to be a writer.
I should like to be a farmer. – I should like to be a tour guide.
I should like to be a businessman. – I should like to be a programmer.
I should like to be a banker. – I should like to be a journalist.
I should like to be the director of a factory. – I should like to be an inventor.
I should like to be the chief engineer of a factory. – I should like to be a general.
I could be a soldier. – I could be a doctor.
I could be an actor. – I could be a scientist.
I could be a politician. – I could be a businessman.
I could be an engineer. – I could be a teacher.
I could be an economist. – I could be a historian.
I could be a judge. – I could be a builder.
I could be a lawyer. – I could be an athlete.
I could be a sailor. – I could be a journalist.
I could be a cook. – I could be a writer.
I could be a pilot. – I could be a mayor.
I could be a nursery teacher. – I could be a schoolteacher.
I could be a philosopher. – I could be a schoolteacher.
I could be a mathematician. – I could be a physicist.
I could be a botanist. – I could be a chemist.
I could be a vet. – I could be a dealer.
I could be a forester. – I could be an administrator.
I could be a farmer. – I could be a librarian.
I could be a businessman. – I could be an agricultural technician.
I could be a banker. – I could be a taxi driver.
I could be the director of a factory. – I could be a shop assistant.
I could be the chief engineer of a factory. – I could be a clown.

Repeated reshuffling of the juxtaposed pairs of statements is, presumably, capable of revealing real typological parameters. It is possible that with such an approach the corrective scales, or at least part of them, may prove unnecessary.

2. A test comparing arbitrary isolated concepts

A restricted or extended set of concepts may be used both in the mode of fixed comparisons and in the mode of exhaustive pairing. It is not out of the question that along this path a minimal yet effective test could be created.

Absolute. Ne – Comfortable. Si
Love. Fe – Work. Te
Pleasant. Fi – Interesting. Ne
Cheerful. Si – Valuable. Ne
Long. Ti – Colourful. Si
Playful. Si – Hard. Se
Light. Si – Clever. Ti
Care. Fi – Order. Ti
Wealth. Se – Fame. Fi
Power. Se – Knowledge. Ti
Friendship. Fi – Superiority. Se
Affection. Si – Information. Ti
Freedom. Ni – Pleasure. Si
Science. Ti – Art. Si
Mechanism. Te – Upbringing. Fi
Politeness. Fi – Humour. Si
Health. Si – Justice. Fi
Song. Fe – Dance. Te
Flight of fancy. Ni – Logical proof. Ti
Quick. Si – Cautious. Ti
To care for. Fi – To obtain. Te
To know. Ne – To feel. Fe
Cheerful. Si – Persistent. Se
Lazy. Si – Dangerous. Se — and so on.

3. A test comparing psychological concepts

This variant differs from the previous one only in its specialised set of concepts, which need not necessarily be regarded as an advantage, if only because many of these concepts, without explication, may be perceived with strong distortion of sense. Nevertheless it is useful to consider it within the framework of the problem of diagnostics.

Appendix 8 below gives a list of psychological concepts with brief explications and their assignment to a definite IA. A paired-comparison test of psychological concepts may be obtained by combining concepts taken from different groups. For example, Enthusiasm – Disinterestedness. The first belongs to extraverted, the second to introverted emotionality.

Appendix 8. A database of psychological traits

The judgements given below concerning psychological qualities are not, in the strict sense of the word, definitions; they represent an attempt to sketch out the semantic fields of the concepts under consideration. This list makes no claim whatever to completeness or to absolute correctness in correlating the concepts given with the IAs and with the structure of Model “A”, and it is therefore offered as preliminary. All interested parties are invited to an academic discussion. A list of psychological concepts according to their relation to the IAs and to the Elements of the structure of Model “A”.

Note. Section headings render the author’s Russian aspect names directly: extraverted emotionality = Fe, introverted emotionality = Fi, introverted thinking = Ti, extraverted thinking = Te, extraverted sensorics = Se, introverted sensorics = Si, extraverted intuition = Ne, introverted intuition = Ni. Numbering is the author’s; gaps, duplicates and internal inconsistencies are preserved and flagged in footnotes at the end.

Extraverted emotionality (Fe)

Enthusiasm = a high level of positive emotional response to an object or partner.
Impressionability = the capacity to experience emotional contact with an object or person for a long time.
Self-possession = Restraint = the capacity to control one’s emotional manifestations.
Excitability = the capacity to pass into high-energy states.
Excitedness = a high level of emotional tension.
Being wound up = emotional overstrain.
Gaiety = an elevated emotional state with a tinge of frivolity.
Putting on airs = a set towards demonstrating superiority over a partner, which often has no sufficient grounds behind it.
Empathy = the capacity to establish emotional contact.
Apathy = emotional listlessness.
Susceptibility to flattery = a set towards self-affirmation through partners’ inadequately exaggerated assessment of one’s qualities and parameters.
Sociability = a higher-than-average number of contacts with varied partners.
Calm (as a trait of character) = equilibrium = 1) high control over the emotions Ti, 2) emotional balance.
Play-acting = a tendency to manipulate by switching role representations.
Swagger = an accentuated setting of oneself, as possessing higher value, against those around one.
Pride = the experience of one’s own value as a being deserving praise and reward.
Fury = the utmost degree of emotional excitation in connection with the actions of partners.
Dispassion = a low level of emotional activity.
Unfeelingness = the absence of compassion for a partner.
Frenzy = the utmost degree of emotional excitation.
Unemotionality = a lowered level of emotional activity.
Love of children — an innate or acquired set towards securing children the status of most favoured treatment. It may be said that a position of most favoured treatment can be adopted towards anyone at all without feeling any love for them. However, the phenomenology observed can be described in precisely this way. This is a purely behaviourist position. And in order to reflect some other position — naïve, naturalistic, realistic — a suitable correction must be added to the primary phenomenological definition proposed. For example, in a naturalistic interpretation this definition might look as follows: love of children is an innate or acquired set towards securing children the status of most favoured treatment on the basis of positive emotional attachment. Possibly love of children needs no definitions at all, and the definition given above may be regarded as superfluous or even as distorting the essence of the matter. However, notwithstanding that everyone is perhaps supposed to know what love is, science must all the same be built not on tacit assumptions but on strict definitions. Let us therefore attempt to define this well-known human feeling. Love is a feeling — but what are its distinguishing peculiarities? It is a feeling of magnetic attraction towards a partner.

Introverted emotionality — relation (Fi)

Disinterestedness = assisting a partner in the absence of personal interest.
Shamelessness = arbitrary violation of ethical norms.
Forgetfulness of the past = an indifferent attitude to the past shared with partners.
Guilelessness = a subconscious set towards non-manipulative behaviour.
Tactlessness = situational conscious or unconscious violation of a concrete ethical norm.
Unceremoniousness = situational non-observance of ethical norms.
Perfidy = abuse of trust.
Religious tolerance = a set towards the possibility of one’s own opinion in matters of faith.
Complacency = a liberal attitude to a partner.
Good conduct = an innate or acquired set towards the observance of ethical norms.
Magnanimity = the capacity to forgive a partner’s mistakes without special conditions.
Amorousness = an innate heightened capacity to fall into emotional dependence on persons of the opposite sex, which is bound up with peculiarities of the vegetative nervous system.
Attentiveness = a situational capacity for high concentration on the content of a conversation, on a problem, or on a relationship with a partner.
Grumbling = Peevishness = verbally expressed petty fault-finding with a partner.
Bragging = excessive boastfulness with a subconscious set towards self-affirmation at a partner’s expense.
Voicelessness = an incapacity, carried to its limit, for an opinion and position of one’s own in IR.
Selfless devotion = the utmost degree of devotion and self-sacrifice.
Sinlessness = a high or even the highest degree of irreproachability in one’s actions.
Simplicity = a set against complicating communication with ceremony.
Tactfulness = one of the forms of ethical behaviour, manifested in the forgiving or overlooking of small inaccuracies or errors in a partner’s conduct.
Callousness = a parameter of one’s attitude to others, manifested in indifference to a partner’s interests and in demonstrative unfriendliness.
Haughtiness = arrogance = a set towards treating those unequal in social position with disrespect.
Amorality, immorality = a set towards disregarding moral and ethical norms.
Immorality = the utmost degree of disregard for moral norms.
Non-judgementalness = a set towards treating a situation without prejudice.
Artlessness = the utmost degree of non-demonstrativeness.
Ethics = the capacity to choose an adequate variant of behaviour taking maximum account of a partner’s interests.
Altruism = a readiness to sacrifice one’s own interests for the sake of others.
Egoism = a set towards evaluating any situation exclusively from the point of view of one’s own advantage, entirely disregarding a partner’s interests.
Compliance = a set towards accepting a partner’s demands even when his arguments are not always convincing.
The ability to sympathise = an innate tendency to identify with a partner’s emotional state.
Tolerance / intolerance = a set towards maintaining a neutral position with regard to a partner’s convictions.
Directness, straightforwardness = a set against masking one’s intentions with diplomatic contrivances.
Readiness to help others = a basic altruistic set, which may be founded either on disinterestedness or on conscious calculation.
Solicitude = the capacity to shape one’s behaviour so that a partner feels support before he has to ask for it directly.
Conservatism = a tendency to preserve the established order in unchanged forms.
Over-familiarity = a set towards using simplified ethical standards in dealings with partners.
Sincerity = openness in communication with a partner, a readiness to give a partner any information.
Shyness = irresolution in manifesting one’s own position in relations with a partner.
Interestedness = stable heightened attention to an object or partner.
Democratic spirit = respect for other people’s interests.
Diplomacy = the capacity to get one’s way while taking account of existing ethical norms.
Kindness = the capacity to give a partner an opportunity without making special demands of him.
Trustfulness = a set towards receiving information from a partner without checking or questioning its reliability.
Readiness to compromise = a set towards cooperating with a partner while respecting both his interests and one’s own.
Arrogance = the demonstration of a dismissive attitude to a partner relying on a difference in social, material or intellectual standing.
All-forgiveness = a set against punishing a person for any negative actions whatever.
High morality = an attained level of the capacity to observe high ethical and moral norms and oneself to generate models for imitation of such behaviour.
Politeness = an acquired capacity to demonstrate observance of moral norms.
Understanding of people — the capacity to perceive adequately verbal or non-verbal messages coming from a partner.
Responsiveness — the capacity to respond emotionally and support a partner when he is in an unfavourable emotional state.
A striving to render help — needs no definition.

Introverted thinking (Ti)

Honesty = an acquired set towards communicating reliable information to a partner regardless of circumstances.
Vigilance = close attention to risk factors.
Slapdashness = frivolity combined with disorganisation and an inability to take account of real circumstances and consequences.
Peremptoriness = categoricalness, excessive confidence in one’s own rightness.
Godlessness = the absence of a set towards taking account of the presence of Higher Powers.
Unbelief = the absence of information about the existence of Higher Powers.
Empty-headedness = the extreme degree of frivolity, that is, of an incapacity to take account of the parameters of self-organisation essential for a concrete environment.
Thoughtlessness = disregard for real circumstances and consequences.
Carefreeness = disregard for real circumstances and consequences.
Brainlessness = an incapacity to take account of real circumstances and consequences.
Irresponsibility = a superficial attitude to one’s obligations.
Unfailing obligingness = 1) an incapacity to set one’s own interests against a partner’s, Se 2) a high degree of partnerly reliability.
Reliability = a set towards observing contractual norms.
Indifference = the absence of interest in a matter or situation.
Unconcern = the absence of interest in a matter or situation.
Short-sightedness = an incapacity to distinguish the essential from the inessential.
Heedlessness = a superficial attitude to the parameters of a situation and its possible consequences.
Mercilessness = a principled attitude to a partner’s errors regardless of how close he is.
Unscrupulousness = a set towards violating contractual norms according to one’s own interest.
Impartiality = a set towards an objective attitude to a situation.
Dissoluteness = the utmost degree of deviation from the norms of everyday conduct accepted in a given society.
Unsystematicness = the absence of a capacity to maintain the necessary order in data and in production.
Irreproachability = the capacity to act in strict accordance with moral and ethical norms.
Dishonesty = a set towards not observing contractual norms.
Good breeding = the capacity to use in everyday and productive activity the acquired social or individual experience of other people.
Well-bred manners = an acquired capacity to observe ethical norms.
Right-thinking = a set towards observing social norms.
Dependability = a set towards observing social norms.
Well-meaningness = a set towards observing social norms.
Prudence = conscious account taken of possible risk.
Nobility = respect for norms and rules regardless of the situation.
God-fearingness = the utmost degree of emotional dependence on control from the side of Higher Powers.
God-pleasingness = behaviour which the person considers to be expected of him by Higher Powers.
Decorum = the observance of ethical and moral norms in any situation.
Talkativeness = a heightened tendency to say a great deal on matters of little significance, with insufficient control over the information communicated.
Brotherly attitude = a benevolent and liberal attitude to partners.
Pedantry over the letter = a dogmatic set towards the use of available information.
Bureaucratism = abuse of official position, use of state service for personal gain.
Consequence = an adequate attitude to one’s own position in society.
Stateliness = behaviour based on a consciously or subconsciously motivated demonstration of real or imagined grandeur.
Greatness = social recognition of special services to society.
Nit-picking = fault-finding = the demonstration of heightened and often petty control.
Punctuality = a set towards adhering strictly to business norms.
Shop-counter gallantry = an emphatic demonstration of degenerated gallantry.
Gallantry = refined and delicate treatment of a partner.
Discipline = a set towards adhering to the existing rules of an organisation’s functioning.
Dogmatism = a set towards adhering to a definite teaching without doubting it or subjecting it to criticism.
Closedness = Reserve = a set towards restricting access to one’s inner world.
Secretiveness = a conscious restriction of access to significant information about oneself.
Mendacity = a heightened tendency to conceal even insignificant information, covering it with disinformation.
Logic = an instrument of the intellect, consisting in the construction of reasoning in accordance with rules established in advance.
Improvidence = behaviour that does not take account of possible undesirable consequences.
Experience = the possession of a large database concerning one form of behaviour or another.
Organisation = the ability to construct one’s own behaviour effectively.
Seriousness = a set towards giving everything one has.
Politeness = an acquired habit of adhering to moral and ethical norms and rules.
Moderation = a set towards limiting consumption.
Anarchism = a set directed towards the rejection of laws affirming the rights of the ruling class and restricting the rights of citizens.
Apoliticality = a set directed towards refusing to take part in public life.
Atheism = a set bound up with disbelief in the existence of Higher Powers.
Aristocratism = a set bound up with the necessity of maintaining the behavioural parameters of the ruling class.
Faithfulness = reliability in interpersonal relations.
Abstinence = the capacity to control one’s needs effectively.
Responsibility = conscious account taken of the possible consequences of one’s behaviour.
The ability to explain accessibly — needs no definition.
A tendency to self-analysis — the capacity to examine and evaluate one’s own thoughts and behaviour critically.
Erudition — the capacity to reproduce a large quantity of varied units of information relating to one or several areas of culture.
Culture of speech — the habit of using normative vocabulary, normative intonation and normative grammatical structures.
Disciplinedness — a set towards adhering to established rules.
Adherence to principle — a set towards acting in strict accordance with known rules or laws.
Justice — a set towards establishing the degree of guilt in strict accordance with the operative laws and the real particulars of the act committed.

Extraverted thinking (Te)

Culture = 1) the totality of civilisational achievements; 2) the attained level of use of civilisational achievements in everyday life.
Liberalism = a set towards granting a partner uncontrolled freedom.
Pushfulness = steadiness in the application of energy.
Neutrality = a behavioural position presupposing non-interference in partners’ affairs.
Unhurriedness = a parameter of behaviour indicating a slower-than-standard tempo in passing through its stages.
Trainability = the capacity to assimilate new technological schemes and introduce them into one’s own activity.
Thoroughness = a set towards providing possible activity with a heightened resource.
Relying only on oneself = a tendency, in solving any task, to count exclusively on one’s own strength and possibilities.
Pragmatic thinking = thinking in which attention is concentrated on obtaining advantage.
Foresight = the capacity to take into account all possible factors and consequences of an activity.
Ability to push things through = the ability to establish the necessary contact quickly and obtain a result decided on in advance.
Pushiness = the capacity to attain the required result without ceremony.
Seriousness = a set towards giving everything one has.
Technological thinking = thinking directed at working out new technologies and exploiting existing equipment effectively.
Industriousness / laziness = the capacity to work long and with interest.
Persistence = the capacity to move towards a goal notwithstanding obstacles.
Cunning / guilelessness / simplicity = the capacity to construct situational schemes for attaining a result.
Algorithmic thinking = thinking oriented towards the construction of effective sequences of actions.
Competitive spirit = a set towards struggling for one’s own superiority within the bounds of means recognised by other partners.
Fidgetiness = heightened non-functional mobility.
Mismanagement = an incapacity to organise a household and economic activity so that it is effective.
Thrift = economy = reasonable control over the expenditure of resources.
Tight-fistedness = heightened control over the expenditure of resources.
Greed = the utmost degree of control over the expenditure of resources to the detriment of a partner’s interests.
Miserliness = the utmost degree of control over the expenditure of resources to the detriment of one’s own interests.
Idling = aimless passing of time.
Organisational ability — needs no definition.

Extraverted sensorics (Se)

Authoritarianism = a set towards the rigid centralisation of power.
Aggressiveness = 1) an innate or acquired set towards dominance; 2) a readiness for immediate decisive action.
Rapacity = an accentuated set towards consumption.
Ambitiousness = a striving to attain the highest forms of self-affirmation.
Asceticism = a set towards significantly limiting one’s needs.
Autism = an accentuated form of withdrawal.
Pitilessness = the utmost degree of disregard for a partner’s interests.
Unabashedness = the utmost degree of disregard for propriety.
Defencelessness = 1) an inability to stand up for oneself; 2) an incapacity to stand up for oneself owing to circumstances.
Absence of malice = the absence of aggressiveness.
Toothlessness = an inability to stand up for oneself.
Harmlessness = the absence of aggressiveness combined with benevolence.
Headlong commitment = a readiness to go all the way in attaining a goal, disregarding risk.
Unresistingness = an incapacity to defend one’s own interests.
Recklessness = the utmost degree of readiness to take risks.
Meekness = Speechlessness = an incapacity to defend one’s own interests, complete submission.
Unrestrainedness = the utmost degree of energetic drive in striving towards a goal.
Madness = the utmost degree of absence of control.
Uncompromisingness = the utmost degree of rigidity in carrying through one’s own programmes.
Uncontrolledness = conscious or unconscious abuse of trust, of freedom, or of the situation as it has developed.
Helplessness = Powerlessness = a situational or basic incapacity to defend one’s own interests.
Heartlessness = cruelty.
Fearlessness = a readiness to act regardless of the degree of danger.
Shamelessness = the utmost degree of non-observance of ethical norms and the norms of communal life.
Inhumanity = cruelty.
Devil-may-care attitude = frivolity in critical situations.
Brilliance = the utmost degree of demonstration of one’s best abilities.
Lechery = the utmost degree of absence of control over one’s sexual impulses.
Briskness = behaviour distinguished by activity and noticeable energy.
Timidity = heightened sensitivity of the vegetative nervous system to danger and threat.
Rowdiness = Muttering = the use of a situation to advance unjustified demands and demonstrate provocative behaviour.
Rebelliousness = the capacity to come out against outdated, unjust or hateful orders.
Riotousness = an elemental, extreme and almost uncontrollable demonstration of discontent.
Speed = the capacity to perform actions in the shortest time.
Speed of decision-making = the capacity to choose a variant of behaviour easily and confidently.
Vampirism = the conscious or unconscious infliction of energetic damage.
Vandalism = the unmotivated destruction of public assets.
Barbarism = behaviour not corresponding to the norms of a given society.
Exactingness = heightened demandingness with elements of control.
Imperiousness = the capacity to command and dispose of other people’s behaviour peremptorily.
Love of power = a tendency to command and dispose of other people’s behaviour.
Influence = the use of social and official standing, and also of personal connections and material possibilities, to solve one’s own and other people’s problems.
Interference = a tendency to violate a partner’s sovereignty by imposing one’s own behavioural programmes on him.
Suggestibility = an innate capacity to submit to a partner under the influence of his speech or of forceful pressure.
Impressiveness = the capacity to produce on a partner an impression not always adequate to reality, which concerns chiefly the force-related and geometrical parameters of the personality.
Bellicosity = a tendency to demonstrate one’s force capabilities aggressively.
Will = the capacity to set one’s force capabilities in motion and to withstand informational influence.
Hostility = aggressiveness motivated or unmotivated by the situation.
Spitefulness = a set towards developing unmotivated resistance to a partner’s actions.
Permissiveness = abuse of freedom or opportunity.
Biding one’s time = a calculated postponement of active measures.
Extortion = an attempt to take possession of a partner’s resources unlawfully, using threats and other forms of verbal manipulation.
Strained effort = an attempt, under pressure from a partner or from circumstances, to obtain a result not corresponding to one’s individual abilities.
Stamina = the capacity to bear heightened physical loads.
Irascibility = the heightened ease with which aggressive emotions are generated.
Vileness = the capacity, without a second thought, not merely to violate ethical norms but to mock them.
Readiness for action = the experience of energetic fullness and volitional resolve to carry out a programme.
Defence of one’s views = a set towards defending one’s own programmes by admissible means.
Malice = a potential form of aggressiveness.
Categoricalness = rigid unambiguity in one’s demands on a partner.
Masochism = the capacity to attain satisfaction through inflicting suffering on oneself.
Courage = the totality of qualities manifested in the capacity to endure adversity while striving to attain a goal that has been set.
Gentleness = the absence of forceful pressure.
Independence = the capacity to construct one’s own behaviour proceeding from one’s own interests and attitudes.
Slackness = Sloppiness = lowered control over one’s own behaviour.
Sadism = a pathological set towards inflicting suffering on other people.
Self-control = the ability to keep oneself in hand in emotionally tense situations.
Self-conceit = a set towards exaggerating one’s own value and significance.
Self-assurance = the experience of a capacity (possibly false) to solve any task and overcome any difficulty.
A tendency to dominance = a set towards subordinating and controlling a partner.
A tendency to possession = a set towards accumulating and preserving heightened quantities of resource.
The ability to persuade = the capacity to conduct a conversation in such a way that the partner comes over to the speaker’s side.
Obstinacy = a set towards resisting a partner’s arguments even when he is right.
Fanaticism = an acquired set towards regarding one’s own convictions as absolutely correct.
Irresolution — a feature of personality manifested in the drawing-out, postponement or avoidance of necessary or possible actions.
Self-reliance — the ability to manage without others’ help.
Strictness — a set towards making high demands.
Persistence — the capacity to maintain a high level of effort and purposefulness.
Patience — the capacity to withstand unfavourable circumstances for a long time.
Unpretentiousness — the capacity to be satisfied with minimal domestic conditions.
Touchiness — a tendency to change one’s attitude to a partner in a negative direction under the influence of an immediate impulse.
Purposefulness — the capacity to move towards a goal despite the resistance of circumstances.
Rudeness — a tendency to treat people while disregarding the rules of propriety.
Vindictiveness — a set towards punishing a partner or opponent without fail for an act of theirs affecting the subject’s interests or dignity, regardless of any additional circumstances, including the lapse of time.

Introverted sensorics (Si)

Unconscionableness = an unconscious set towards not observing the contractual norms existing in a concrete society.
Humdrumness = the absence of a tendency towards vivid events.
Listlessness = low physical tone.
Squeamishness = heightened sensitivity to organoleptic deviations in a negative direction.
Sickliness = weakness of health (situationally).
Bohemianism = an acquired tendency to spend time free from creative work in an intelligentsia milieu inclined to indulge in heightened forms of debauchery, regarding this as a form of rest.
Serenity = a state of utmost satisfaction.
Generosity = a readiness to provide a partner with resource in heightened volume and without any conditions whatever.
Liveliness = ease of energetic manifestation.
Love of life = a set towards the joyful satisfaction of one’s own needs.
Cheerfulness = delight and optimism with regard to the positive manifestations of life.
Solicitousness = a set towards providing a partner with resource without preliminary demands on him.
Enviousness = a conclusion drawn from an unfavourable comparison of oneself with a partner.
Constrictedness = the absence of ease in emotional and physical manifestations owing to the presence of a subconscious complex.
Neatness = the habit of maintaining normative parameters.
Optimism = a tendency to take into account first and foremost, and predominantly, the positive possibilities and variants of the development of events.
Attractiveness = an innate or acquired capacity to draw attention to oneself and become the object of a partner’s interest.
Pessimism = a tendency to take into account first and foremost, and predominantly, the negative possibilities and variants of the development of events.
Observancy — the capacity to notice details and particulars in the flow of events.

Extraverted intuition (Ne)

Abstract thinking (a tendency towards it) = thinking that operates with categories generalised to the utmost.
Abstract thinking (a tendency towards it) = thinking that operates with categories generalised to the utmost.
Agnosticism = a set bound up with the denial of the knowability of the world.
Analytical thinking = thinking oriented towards identifying the structure of an object.
Facelessness = the absence of vivid individual peculiarities.
Idealessness = 1) the absence of a set towards acting in accordance with the ruling ideology; 2) the absence of high ideals in the personality’s programmes.
Talentlessness = the absence of abilities by means of which one might assert oneself in society.
Muddle-headedness = an incapacity to make sense of a concrete task.
Spinelessness = an incapacity to defend one’s own interests.
Aimlessness = the absence of strategic goals.
Inspiration (as a state) = a state conducive to creativity.
Thoughtfulness = the capacity to penetrate deeply into the sense of a problem or situation.
Faith in people = a set towards recognising in people the presence of special possibilities which may prove useful in social or individual practice.
Faith in oneself = a set towards recognising in oneself the presence of special possibilities which may prove useful in social or individual practice.
Superficiality = an incapacity to penetrate the hidden causes of a situation.
Waywardness = behaviour assessed by other people as meaningless.
Floridness = a tendency to construct one’s speech using complex turns of phrase, rare and barely comprehensible word combinations, and highly specialised, jargon and, for a concrete audience, extreme vocabulary.
Insinuatingness = the use of mysterious intonations together with allusions that are hard to grasp.
Free-thinking = the capacity to advance ideas contradicting the ruling ideology.
Elation = a high level of informational-energetic excitation conducive to creativity, which becomes possible in the case of sublimation.
Receptiveness = the capacity to assimilate educational or instructional information in real time.
Bombast = a parameter of behaviour demonstrating an excessive and often situationally unmotivated quasi-romantic set.
Pretentiousness = a parameter of behaviour demonstrating an excessive and often situationally unmotivated over-complication of behaviour.
Profundity = the capacity to operate with information at levels exceeding everyday domestic needs.
Grace = peculiarities of innate or acquired bodily plasticity distinguished by heightened attractiveness.
Naturalness = the capacity to behave in accordance with the laws of nature.
Pensiveness = situational intellectual concentration.
Idealism = a set towards describing, evaluating and explaining the world by non-material causes.
Refinement = the utmost degree of skill or habit.
Intuition = the capacity to penetrate into the essence of things.
Combinatorial thinking = the capacity to form new ideas relatively quickly and easily out of various combinations of known ideas.
Thinking: the processing of information presented in any form and its transformation into signs of the second signal system. One may distinguish the following kinds of thinking: causal, linear, dialectical, holographic, algorithmic, strategic, technological, understanding, compromising, combinatorial, abstract, practical, figurative, reflexive.
Openness = a readiness to react to partners’ proposals.
Openness of mind = a readiness to assimilate new ideas.
Perceptiveness = the ability to see essential causes behind outward manifestations.
Developed imagination = an innate and acquired capacity to see vivid pictures on the inner screen.
Reflexive thinking = thinking with a set towards examining itself and its own foundations.
Intelligence (as distinct from intellect) = the capacity to take into account a large number of connections and levels relating to a problem.
Breadth of views = a parameter of thinking characterising it as tolerant, open and ready for change.

Introverted intuition (Ni)

Activity = behaviour characterised by enterprise, inventiveness and a heightened tempo-rhythm.
Artistry = the capacity to make an impression on people by one’s plasticity, mimicry and intonation.
Hopelessness = the partial or complete loss of life perspective.
Winglessness = Flightlessness = the absence of life perspectives in a personality.
Disquiet = a middling degree of uncertainty about the immediate or remote events of one’s own life or the lives of others.
Vagrancy (a tendency to it) = a forced or habitual tendency towards life without a fixed place of residence.
Luckiness = a situational or constant capacity to emerge from difficult situations without particular effort.
Grandiloquence = the use in speech of solemn intonations and socially significant vocabulary.
Involvement = the emotional experience of being inside a situation.
Alarm = a state bound up with the absence of information about important immediate or remote events.
Provocativeness = a heightened tendency to provoke an aggravation of relations with a partner.
Spiritual elevation = a state of creative uplift.
Preoccupation = a state bound up with the indeterminacy of the character of immediate and remote events.
Childishness = infantile survivals not corresponding to one’s age.
Fantasising = the capacity to summon up barely realistic pictures in the imagination with ease.
Philosophicalness = a set towards examining all things in a more or less abstract perspective.
A sense of humour = the capacity to find paradoxical comparisons and turns of speech.
Suspiciousness — a feature of personality manifested in a set towards presupposing on a partner’s part actions or intentions dubious or dangerous to the subject.

Categories carrying a heightened load on irrationality or rationality

Adventurism = a set towards acting with a high degree of risk.
Flightiness = the capacity to change the parameters of one’s behaviour quickly and unpredictably, often with negative consequences.
Considerateness = a reasonable weighing of the various sides of a situation.
Cantankerousness = behaviour perceived by partners as unfounded.
Explosiveness = a tendency or capacity to pass instantaneously into a high-energy state.
Hot temper = a less profound capacity than [explosiveness] to pass almost instantaneously into a high-energy state.
Showing off = demonstrative behaviour with a set towards making an impression on a partner.
Flexibility = the capacity to alter the parameters of one’s behaviour in real time.
Femininity = an innate property manifested in a combination of solicitude and attractiveness.
Impulsiveness = a tendency to change one’s behaviour under the influence of a momentary mood.
Irrationality = a set towards constructing one’s behaviour proceeding from concrete circumstances.
Hystericalness = the capacity to change one’s energetic state sharply, carrying it to its possible limit.
Unpredictability = a parameter of behaviour making it so different from what is standard for given conditions that its consequences prove unexpected for partners and opponents.
Rationality = a tendency, habit or ability to act in accordance with common sense.
Riskiness = a readiness to perform acts with unpredictable consequences.
A tendency towards change = a subconscious need for a more or less frequent change of surroundings.
Unrestraint — a tendency to react to a situation under the influence of an immediate impulse.
Caution — the subject’s set towards acting with minimal risk.
Absorption — a state of heightened and stable interest.
Rancour — the capacity to remember every bad thing a partner has done to you.

Categories carrying a heightened load on the functions and blocks of Model “A”

Authoritativeness = a parameter of a partner characterising his reliability and irreproachability.
Bravado = bragging = swashbuckling = the utmost degree of boastfulness with a subconscious wish for self-affirmation.
Integrity of character = a marked subordination of all sides of the personality to a single goal.

Categories carrying a heightened load on introversion or extraversion

Lack of initiative = an incapacity to offer a partner substantial ideas.
Hyperactivity = highly productive motor activity.
Shyness = constraint in interpersonal relations.
Leadership = the capacity to direct a partner or group effectively.
Modesty = a set towards being in the shade, on the periphery, towards yielding and not drawing attention to oneself.
One’s own position = an individual programme.

Psychic qualities by types of programme structure

1. Basic innate — the classical temperaments

(Shared with other mammals; they set the most generalised type of reaction to changing circumstances.)

1 Authoritativeness · 2 Excitability · 3 Excitedness · 4 Being wound up · 5 Gaiety · 6 Empathy · 7 Apathy · 8 Sociability · 9 Calm · 10 Pride · 11 Fury · 12 Frenzy · 13 Unemotionality · 14 Self-possession — Restraint · 15 Dispassion · 16 Unfeelingness · 17 Attentiveness · 18 Selfless devotion · 19 Altruism · 20 Egoism · 21 The ability to sympathise · 22 Readiness to help others · 23 Interestedness · 24 Kindness · 25 Trustfulness · 26 Vigilance · 27 Unfailing obligingness · 28 Reliability · 29 Observancy · 30 Reserve · 31 Caution · 32 Persistence · 33 Understanding of people · 34 Responsiveness · 35 Unpretentiousness · 37 Initiative · 38 Rancour · 39 A striving to render help · 40 Hot temper · 41 Leadership · 42 Hyperactivity · 43 Energy · 44 Cholericity · 45 Sanguinity · 46 Phlegmaticity · 47 Melancholy · 48 Adventurism · 49 Riskiness · 50 A tendency towards change · 51 Femininity · 52 Unpredictability · 53 Impulsiveness · 54 Irrationality · 55 Hystericalness · 56 Artistry · 57 Provocativeness · 58 Activity · 59 Pensiveness · 60 Developed imagination · 61 Elation · 62 Receptiveness · 63 Waywardness · 64 Inspiration · 65 Thoughtfulness · 66 Intuition · 67 Attractiveness · 68 Serenity · 69 Liveliness · 70 Love of life · 71 Solicitousness · 72 Listlessness · 73 Squeamishness · 74 Sickliness · 75 Briskness · 76 Timidity · 77 Helplessness — Powerlessness · 78 Fearlessness · 79 Readiness for action · 80 Irascibility · 81 Recklessness · 82 Meekness — Speechlessness · 83 Unrestrainedness · 84 Obstinacy · 85 Categoricalness · 86 Malice · 87 Speed · 88 Defencelessness · 89 Absence of malice · 90 Toothlessness · 91 Harmlessness · 92 Rapacity · 93 A tendency to dominance

(Worldview, cultural attitudes, the attitudes of one’s social niche, sociotypes, manners. These programmes set the contours of behaviour, taking account of the peculiarities of the culture and subculture to which the personality belongs, and they form goals, attitudes and motivations. At this level social classes and strata of the population are contrasted — workers, the middle class, the elite, the military, politicians, oligarchs, bureaucrats, criminals…)

1 Putting on airs · 2 Susceptibility to flattery · 3 Openness · 4 Idealism · 5 Winglessness · 6 Grandiloquence · 7 Vagrancy · 8 Lack of initiative · 9 The ability to explain accessibly · 10 Organisational ability · 11 Suspiciousness · 12 Erudition · 13 Patience · 14 Adherence to principle · 15 Irresolution · 16 Self-reliance · 17 Disciplinedness · 18 Strictness · 19 Play-acting · 20 Swagger · 21 Dispassion · 22 Unfeelingness · 23 Forgetfulness of the past · 24 Disinterestedness · 25 Perfidy · 26 Religious tolerance · 27 Complacency · 28 Good conduct · 29 Magnanimity · 30 Gaiety · 31 Putting on airs · 32 Susceptibility to flattery · 33 Play-acting · 34 Swagger · 35 Grumbling · 36 Bragging · 37 Voicelessness · 38 Sinlessness · 39 Simplicity · 40 Tactfulness · 41 Callousness · 42 Haughtiness · 43 Amorality · 44 Immorality · 45 Non-judgementalness · 46 Artlessness · 47 Ethics · 48 Compliance · 49 Tolerance / intolerance · 50 Solicitude · 51 Conservatism · 52 Over-familiarity · 53 Sincerity · 54 Shyness · 55 Democratic spirit · 56 Diplomacy · 57 Directness, straightforwardness · 58 Arrogance · 59 All-forgiveness · 60 High morality · 61 Politeness · 62 Honesty · 63 Slapdashness · 64 Peremptoriness · 65 Godlessness · 66 Unbelief · 67 Empty-headedness · 68 Thoughtlessness · 69 Carefreeness · 70 Brainlessness · 71 Irresponsibility · 72 Indifference · 73 Unconcern · 74 Short-sightedness · 75 Mercilessness · 76 Unscrupulousness · 77 Impartiality · 78 Dissoluteness · 79 Unsystematicness · 80 Irreproachability · 81 Dishonesty · 82 Well-bred manners · 83 Right-thinking · 84 Dependability · 85 Well-meaningness · 86 Prudence · 87 Nobility · 88 God-fearingness · 89 God-pleasingness · 90 Decorum · 91 Pedantry over the letter · 92 Bureaucratism · 93 Putting on airs · 94 Stateliness · 95 Greatness · 96 Nit-picking · 97 Punctuality · 98 Shop-counter gallantry · 99 Gallantry · 100 Discipline · 101 Dogmatism · 102 Closedness · 103 Secretiveness · 104 Mendacity · 105 Improvidence · 106 Experience · 107 Organisation · 108 Seriousness · 109 Politeness · 110 Moderation · 111 Anarchism · 112 Apoliticality · 113 Atheism · 114 Aristocratism · 115 Abstinence

4. Concrete everyday and professional knowledge, skills, habits and abilities

(Directly forming the concrete actions aimed at achieving a practical result. At the level of psychological generalisation only a few such elements could be found, although at the level of concrete particulars a great many of them exist.)

Everyday skills — washing, dressing, combing one’s hair…
Instrumental skills: writing, reading, laundering, using household appliances, using household tools (scissors, screwdriver, needle, and so on).
Culture of speech.
The ability to persuade — the capacity to conduct a conversation in such a way that the partner comes over to the speaker’s side.
Concrete social skills — obeying traffic regulations, using polite turns of speech, using professional jargon, using coarse turns of speech, and so on.

Notes on the state of the text

Ti, item 55 does not exist; the list runs 54, 56, 57.
Ti, item 12 carries a stray Se tag in the middle of the entry, in the original.
Ne, items 1 and 2 are identical, printed twice.
Fi item 49 and Ti item 57 both define “politeness”, with different wordings; Ti item 56 and Te item 13 both define “seriousness” identically.
Irrationality/rationality, item 45 defines “hot temper” as less profound than itself. The comparison was presumably meant to be with item 44, “explosiveness”.
The irrationality/rationality section begins at 40 rather than 1.
In the programme-structure lists, level 2 is absent from the printed text: the sequence runs from the unnumbered “basic innate” section straight to “3. Generalised social programmes”.
In the printed original the run 38–77 of the temperaments list appears twice in succession, a typesetting duplication; it is given once here.
List 3 is broken across columns in the original so that items 71–115 are printed before items 13–70. It has been restored to numerical order here.

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Appendices

Appendices

Appendix 1. Aušra’s letter to the author

The author’s letter to Aušra, with her corrections

Appendix 2. Description of the cover picture

Appendix 3. Generalisation of the concept of a model of the psyche

Appendix 4. An example of determining a person’s socionic type from their natal chart

Appendix 5. The court deck in the PSTIM

Appendix 6. Varieties of tests that could be used as auxiliaries in typing

Appendix 7. A database of differentiating statements

A fragment of a database for a direct verbal test

2. A test comparing arbitrary isolated concepts

3. A test comparing psychological concepts

Appendix 8. A database of psychological traits

Extraverted emotionality (Fe)

Introverted emotionality — relation (Fi)

Introverted thinking (Ti)

Extraverted thinking (Te)

Extraverted sensorics (Se)

Introverted sensorics (Si)

Extraverted intuition (Ne)

Introverted intuition (Ni)

Categories carrying a heightened load on irrationality or rationality

Categories carrying a heightened load on the functions and blocks of Model “A”

Categories carrying a heightened load on introversion or extraversion

Psychic qualities by types of programme structure

1. Basic innate — the classical temperaments

4. Concrete everyday and professional knowledge, skills, habits and abilities

Notes on the state of the text

Graph View

Table of Contents

Socion Archive

Explorer

Appendices

Appendices

Appendix 1. Aušra’s letter to the author

The author’s letter to Aušra, with her corrections

Appendix 2. Description of the cover picture

Appendix 3. Generalisation of the concept of a model of the psyche

Appendix 4. An example of determining a person’s socionic type from their natal chart

Appendix 5. The court deck in the PSTIM

Appendix 6. Varieties of tests that could be used as auxiliaries in typing

Appendix 7. A database of differentiating statements

A fragment of a database for a direct verbal test

2. A test comparing arbitrary isolated concepts

3. A test comparing psychological concepts

Appendix 8. A database of psychological traits

Extraverted emotionality (Fe)

Introverted emotionality — relation (Fi)

Introverted thinking (Ti)

Extraverted thinking (Te)

Extraverted sensorics (Se)

Introverted sensorics (Si)

Extraverted intuition (Ne)

Introverted intuition (Ni)

Categories carrying a heightened load on irrationality or rationality

Categories carrying a heightened load on the functions and blocks of Model “A”

Categories carrying a heightened load on introversion or extraversion

Psychic qualities by types of programme structure

1. Basic innate — the classical temperaments

3. Generalised social programmes

4. Concrete everyday and professional knowledge, skills, habits and abilities

Notes on the state of the text

Graph View

Table of Contents